Inside Islam notes Essay

Islam means Peace and Submission (The pause that comes from submission, the attention to deity that comes from peacefulness.) Allah Akbar means divinity is bully. Sunni = 85% of Moslem population Shia = 10% Sufi less than 5% Islam is non exactly a religion of the midpoint East largest population of Moslems is in India. Largest Moslem country is Ind iodinsia. Of same faith customs as both(prenominal) Christians and Jews Muslims & Jews atomic number 18 both monotheistic, dissent only on in the main messianic theology Places of worship differ yet can coexist Spain fostered tout ensemble three Abrahamic faiths during pre-Ferdinand and Isabella era (pre-1492) piece of music 2 of 9 Pre Muslim Mecca, Quraish common riches, Muhammads primeval years & first vision, Quran, 1st mainstay shahadah, and start of 2nd lynchpin appealingness http//www.youtube.com/ abide?v=KtFkhC7DIIoMuslims desc give the axeed from Hagar and Ishmael, who fled to the desert Abraham, gibe to M uslim legend, built Kaba Quraysh tribe controlled Mecca as trade metropolis. Later commit icons and statues of various tribal Gods inside Kaba so Mecca would scram eventide more(prenominal) important as a trip site. Muhammad was born several generations later in 570 AD into a wealthy family. His dada died, his grandfather sent him to live with trading caravans. As a young serviceman he became a talented caravanier, hook up with Khadijah Muhammad illiterate, so others recorded his recitationsQuran means recitation, a mix of poetry, stories, admonitions, advice and warnings. take apart 3 of 9 2nd pillar ( solicitation) go on, Muhammad gains followers, contravene with Meccans, Hijra, to Ummayad dynasty branch of tertiary pillar http//www.youtube.com/ abide?v=5h4bcCSsc9A&NR=1Muhammad gave sermons against polytheism to pilgrims arriving at the Kaba in Mecca was persecuted by Quraish Muhammad had no strong governmental ally, few followers initially. Journeyed to Yathrib (la ter take a crapd Medina, City of the oracle) to arbitrate dis devotee between city states. Became year 0 in Islamic calendar, 622 CE. Set up first Islamic community (Ummah)Meccans were enraged, attacked Medina to destroy Muslims. Battle of Badr, outnumbered by Meccans, yet Medinans won Muslims triumphed 630 AD Muslims returned to Mecca Cleansed Abrahams devoted temple (Kaba) of idols of pilgrims, kept the Kaba (lit. cube) as the profound nerve of monotheism Offered Meccans freedom for peace, many converted Arab tribes came to liquidate tri onlye to Muhammad and convert Umayyads 1st dynasty 750 inwardly a vitamin C of Muhammads conclusion Muslims controlled more land than the Roman conglomerateTurkey to constituents of China. Jews and Christians were exempt from transition to Islam 3rd pillar Charity is heavy emphasized in the Quran, even more than the subordinate status of women representative 4 of 9 3rd pillar, charity, continued quaternary pillar, Ramadan, Abbasid dyna sty Crusades Mongols http//www.youtube.com/ chink?v=ZKsm3O23Itg&NR=13rd Pillar Charity From everything you own you part 2.5% All money collected moldiness be given to those in postulate One must follow the closely during the month of Ramadan as the 4th pillar Fast lasts from sunrise till old Exceptions are make for the sick, weak, children, and the mothers who are expecting Its a time to intensify your efforts to defecate your relationship with God The festival of the great Eid (Lit. festival) of the breaking of the fast Shia split from the Sunni later the death of Hussein (680 AD) There was a discrepancy of how leaders should be put in settle Shia believed that leaders should be direct descendants of Muhammad Sunni believed leaders should be elected democratically8th century golden age in Iraq, Abbasid dynasty arose in Bagdad Abbasids valued learning, Greek philosophical system and natural science. Algebra invented, decimals, exponents. Medicine veritable, orthopedics, men tal unhealthiness treatment, surgery. Crusades Jerusalem is 3rd most sacred city for Muslims 1099 Christians slaughter 30k Muslims 1258 Genghis Khans grand word of honor & his Mongols plundered Bagdad fragmentise 5 of 9 Mongol era fifth Pillar, hajj in Spain, interfaith cooperation http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXWJDY8AsFo&feature=relatedThe Mongol Khan becomes a Muslim,Lesser trip can be taken to Mecca at any time of the year (min 030) Hajj, the greater pilgrimage, occurs only once a year a. Ihram1 = 2 white cloths in which you will be buried are worn during Hajj, significance is equality, Ihram2 is in any case = amicable demeanor to accept all as brothers & sisters. b. Ablution (ritual washing) leads to first stage circumambulation 7 times God is the axis of ones life c. 2nd step is to work between 2 hills representing Hagars await for water for Ismael represents ones fight back in life d. Next sidereal day they travel to the plain of Arafat. Pilgrims walk in quiet appea lingness confessing sins at jump on of Arafat. e. Next, to Mina to throw stones at 3 pillars representing Satan, sins are forgiven f. Last event prayer service at KabaMuslim scholars preserved writings from hordes 711 CE Muslims sire at Gibraltar a. Called Moors, dwelled in Andalusia, cities of Cordoba & Seville b. Horticulture, math, navigation developedc. Muslim, Jewish & Christian scholars worked together became a source for the RenaissancePart 6 of 9 Spain, tuffet Empire ramble of women Colonialism http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=6olUPtXRC6U&NR=1Reconquista, Christian re-conquest of Spain expelling Moors and forcing conversion or bulge of Jews 1492 the Moors were kicked out of Spain 1453 Greek Constantinople drop down to Muslim troops build changed to Istanbul = Islam in abundance sultan was the ruler of Islamic Ottoman society. Sultan means ruler Sultans Harem (Haram forbidden, taboo) group of concubines, in Western eyes they are dens of iniquity, but in Islamic practice they were centers of defense for women and sources for caucusing about political power Islamic polygamy all wives need to be enured equallyPart 7 of 9 Suez Canal France colonizes Algeria WWI colonialism Wahabism, jehad http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=IH2lGUr7eJ4&NR=1Colonial sense of transcendency disparaged Muslims France took over northern Africa and the northern part of the Middle East, discouraging Arabic expression and Islamic faith. England expanded into Egypt after creating the Suez Canal, in addition taking the Sinai Peninsula, Palestine, and Iraq. Ottomans sided with Germany in WWI, so England & France took Muslim lands when Germany lost (min 240) Muslim matrimony arose in Egypt in 1928Some Muslim states encouraged western style central authoritarian dictatorships Muslim Brotherhood resisted these. followers WW2 Muslims throughout European colonies rose up, demanding vent from the European counties. Mohammad ibn Abdul Wahab became a leader in the Islamic world, prea ching an ascetic, puritanical draw of Islam Created Wahabism, founded Saudi State, merging desert warrior purpose with puritanical reform. Very fundamental and cornerstone form of IslamWas supported by Saud family, who would become rulers of Saudi Arabia Oil gave Saudis great wealth allowing them to expand Wahabist beliefs. Giving the money to organizations has caused an even more floor group of beliefs to renegade Jihad = exertion. The greater international jihad is the struggle of ones will against ones passions and weaknesses, an inner struggle. The lesser jihad is a defensive war, using respectable war criteria. Some groups called for a radical Jihad war against western nations The end justifying the means leads to terrorism.Osama Bin-Laden in particularPart 8 of 9 Malcolm X Israel Iran security crisis, Iraq http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKHuc0ehFPcMalcolm X We (blacks) did not land on Plymouth Rock the stir was landed on us Walhid fluorine formed the Nation of Islam Eli jah Poole joined him changed name to Elijah Muhammad & took charge in 1934 Malcolm Little comprehend about Nation of Islam in Prison, changed name to Malcolm X Malcolm X What was your name to begin with you lost it?Malcolm X came back from hajj inspired to join Nation of Islam to conventional Islam Gunned down By 1975, Elijahs son brought about Malcolm Xs ideate changed name to World Community of Islam Louis Farrakhan continued in old ways of breakup Israel made a state in 1948. In 6 Day contend in 1967 tensions increased with Muslims 1978 Irans Shah fell to Shiite Ayatollah Khomeini US cast as dandy Satan Students took US embassy workers in capital of Iran as warranters for 444 days Sadat in Egypt kill he had signed a peace treaty with Israel. Saddam Hussein invaded capital of Kuwait in 1990 coalition lead by US stopped him, imposed no-fly partition offPart 9 of 9 felo-de-se bombing Islamic hell & nirvana wrap up http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=egTCPablawQ&NR=19/11 made peo ple aware not only of radical fringe of Islam, but also of the peaceful Muslim neighbors. Even in heaven one cannot see God Pleas for peace Few stable & sightly Muslim governments have replaced colonial governmentsPart 1 of 9 Intro and sanctioned facts http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=hAjsu1ATrts Part 2 of 9 Pre Muslim Mecca, Quraish tribe, Muhammads aboriginal years & first vision, Quran, 1st pillar shahadah, and start of 2nd pillar prayer http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=KtFkhC7DIIo Part 3 of 9 2nd pillar (prayer) continued, Muhammad gains followers, conflict with Meccans, Hijra, to Ummayad dynasty beginning of 3rd pillar http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=5h4bcCSsc9A&NR=1 Part 4 of 9 3rdpillar, charity, continued 4th pillar, Ramadan, Abbasid dynastyCrusades Mongols http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKsm3O23Itg&NR=1 Part 5 of 9 Mongol era 5thPillar, Hajj in Spain, interfaith cooperation http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXWJDY8AsFo&feature=related Part 6 of 9 Spain, Ottoman Empire place of women Colonialism http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=6olUPtXRC6U&NR=1 Part 7 of 9 Suez Canal France colonizes Algeria WWI colonialism Wahabism, Jihad http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=IH2lGUr7eJ4&NR=1 Part 8 of 9 Malcolm X Israel Iran hostage crisis, Iraq http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKHuc0ehFPc Part 9 of 9 Suicide bombing Islamic hell & heaven wrap up http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=egTCPablawQ&NR=1